Week 5: (4 March 2019 - 8 March 2019)

Activity:

1. Constructing, assembling and soldering the Ultrasonic Transmitter and Receiver circuit.
2. Testing the performance for the Ultrasonic design.

Objective:

1. For testing the performance of the Ultrasonic Transmitter and Receiver
2. To generate and detect ultrasounds by using 40kHz transducer. 

Content/Procedure

1. The circuit for both Transmitter and the Receiver had been assembled and soldered based on circuit design on software tool Eagle CAD. 
2. The performance of both sensors was tested using an oscilloscope.
3. An oscillator was set for 35-45 kHz frequency on the Ultrasonic Transmitter by using a 556 dual-timer, a microcontroller, and the discrete components.

Constructing the Ultrasonic Circuit on a Breadboard

Transmitter Circuit Diagram

Ultrasonic Transmitter and Receiver Signal Perfomance Testing

Result & Analysis:

1. The Receiver was returning the detected signal from the Transmitter more than 100mV at approximately 4 meters between them.
2. When the range at less than 1 meter, the Receiver putting out approximately about 4V.
3. This shows that the Transmitter emission cone's angle is almost 40 degrees wide.

Digital Oscilloscope for Personal Used

Signal Shape at Transmitter

Signal Shape at Receiver

Conclusion:

1. These Ultrasonic Sensor modules can be hooked up to a microcontroller’s ADC port, which will return distance dependent voltages. 
2. These modules are capable of locating the direction of an Ultrasounds signal and also estimating the distance from them based on certain algorithms.
3. The output is via the “signal” pin, which will provide approximately 0.5V depending on the power level of the detected ultrasonic signal.

Ultrasonic Transmitter

Ultrasonic Receiver

Testing the Performance of the Sensor